Dictionary

Differences between paper-based dictionaries and electronic dictionaries: Nesi (1998) classifies dictionaries into two modes of presentation: paper-based dictionaries and computer-based dictionaries (also known as electronic dictionaries). The main difference between electronic dictionaries and paper-based dictionaries is not their information content but their retrieval system (Nesi, 2000). In a study presented by Zainab Saleh AlBulushy on E-dictionaries versus paper-based ones, she presented the

British English (BE) has their own dictionary. A dictionary has several functions, such as to help us with the concept, to illustrate the usage, to clarify the distinction or to assist in a writing task (Hartman & James, 1998, p. 60). One of several types of dictionary is monolingual dictionary. Monolingual dictionary is the lemma of a language explained in the same language (Hartman & James, 1998, p.95). Hartman and James state that a monolingual dictionary performs several functions such as providing

A Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson was done because Italian and French academies produced many dictionaries of their own tongues and the English century authors feared that their language would soon disappear because of absence of authority. They believed that a dictionary would do a big change since it will be a book that people will need to buy. They believed that Johnson, still an unknown author, would do a great job in creating a good dictionary. Johnson accepted and believed

lexicon is as follows: “A dictionary; a book teaching the signification of words” (Johnson, 233). The public uses dictionaries as guidebooks for meaningful speech and discourse. Those who task themselves with creating these texts are called lexicographers. The first English dictionary was written by Samuel Johnson in 1755. Johnson shared his views of lexicographers in his preface to “A Dictionary of the English Language”: “Among these unhappy mortals is the writer of dictionaries; whom mankind have considered

Learner’s Dictionaries The dictionary is an important thing for learner’s language because it can help learner’s to understand the meaning about words. According to Jackson states that a dictionary is a reference book about words (2002). One type of dictionary is a monolingual dictionary. Monolingual dictionary is a type of dictionary in which the words of the language are explained by the same language (Hartman & James, 1998). According to Hartmann and James (1998), learner’s dictionary is a dictionary

manifesting itself in concern for the…” (Oxford English Dictionary). Entomology- Cognate with Old Frisian luve, love Old Saxon luba love. Borne- “Carried, sustained, endured, etc. Used attrib. chiefly in such constructions as ‘patiently borne injuries’, ‘the breeze-borne note’…” (Oxford English Dictionary). Entomology- French In- “That is in; that lies, remains, lives, is situated, or is used in or within; internal…” (Oxford English Dictionary). Entomology- N/A Greece- Of- “Indicating the thing

Since the use of a dictionary has been associated with negative views among teachers and educators, there is relatively little body of researches in regard to its impact on L2 acquisition. Many teachers argue that the use of the dictionary while reading may divert students' attention to an individual word instead of understanding the text as a whole; thus, hinder the comprehension process (knight, 1994). The top-communicative approach that advocates implicit vocabulary learning was dominant in the

Webster 1 s Third New International Dictionary (hereafter abbreviated W3) was published in 1961. The contents of this dictionary have been exam.ined from. m.any different a.ngles over the years in Word Ways. Five years afte r publication, in 1966, the publishers update d the dictionary with an eight-page addenda section (pages 57a to 64a) containing words and m.eanings that had com.e into wide use since W3 was first published. Five years later still, in 1971, an expanded sixteen-page addenda section

onaryDictionary of Ònìchà Igbo 2nd edition of the Igbo dictionary, Kay Williamson, Ethiope Press, 1972. Kay Williamson (†) This version prepared and edited by Roger Blench Roger Blench Mallam Dendo 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail R.Blench@odi.org.uk http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm To whom all correspondence should be addressed. This printout: November 16, 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations:

BIBLE DICTIONARY PROJECT I CHARLIE MITCHELL Old Testament Bible Dictionary Project RUTH Book of Ruth is a romantic drama and love story on how God use people to carry out his divine agenda. Even non-believers carries God message, as depicted with Ruth, a Moabite woman (Gentile). “Historically, Ruth is the lynchpin of the covenant. Theologically, the story of Ruth and Boaz illustrates the biblical concept of redemption” (Ed Hindson and Elmer Towns, Illustrated Bible Survey: An Introduction