Ww2 Psychiatry

Psychiatry is a type of science that involves mental illnesses and diagnosing the patient's’ mental, and sometimes physical, health. Psychiatrists are doctors that are trained to diagnose mental illnesses, and spot mental, emotional and behavioral symptoms. They work with their patients, listening to their stories, and performing tests in order to find out what, if any, mental illnesses or cognitive disorders. The median annual salary for a psychiatrist is around $200,000.

In Chapter 3 of Opening Skinner’s Box, “On Being Sane in Insane Places,” Lauren Slater discusses the contentious issue psychiatrists faced in 1972 after psychologist David Rosenhan conducted his most famous experiment, proving how psychiatrists already label patients when they walk through the door to be evaluated. The author, Slater is a psychologist herself in which her writing in this chapter is supportive to Rosenhan’s findings. This may limit supporting arguments on crediting psychiatric conceptualization. The meaning of behavior can easily be misunderstood, a patient can be diagnosed according to the doctor’s capacity of knowledge to specific behaviors.

World War II is still seen today as one of the most lethal wars in history. As technology advanced, more destructive weapons were created. In the hands of the wrong people and those forced to use them, these weapons paved the way for physical and psychological destruction. Furthermore, the mentality of individuals during this time enabled more marring upon themselves and upon other individuals. Even though what we now refer to as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD, existed before World War II, this time period brought about a higher prevalence of PTSD, as well as began to change the way this disorder was perceived by people.

There was still a large lack of understanding that what caused mental illness the 1930’s, however people still wanted to treat mental illness so this brought more therapeutic ideas on how to cure it. In 1933, two neurologists at Yale Primate Laboratory, Dr. Fulton and Jacobson, performed experiments on two monkeys. They tested the intelligence of the monkeys before and after the removal of half the brains’ frontal lobes. They seemed to retain their skills and intelligence. Fulton and Jacobson wanted to take this a little further, they removed the other half of the frontal lobe. They discovered that the monkeys no longer became violent and frustrated when they didn't immediately get their treats after completing the intelligence test [9].

Clinical psychologists treat those whose thought patterns and behaviours are a threat to their own wellbeing and potentially a threat to others. By using techniques such as observation and interviews, clinical psychologists will assess a patients problem and use this information to provide suitable treatment. Treatments through this pathway require the patients cooperation to both analyse and manage their condition (Health Careers, 2016). Whilst conducting treatments with

The beginnings of the counseling profession can be traced back as far as the Greeks with the emergence of psychology. Psychology did not develop into a legitimate profession until the late 1800s. As time went on it spawned numerous other profession, Counseling Psychology being one of them (Landrum). Some of the most prominent Psychologist in the field such as Freud, Erikson, and Witmer, utilized techniques, most notably ”Talk Therapy”, which lead to the formation of the counseling profession ("The history of counselling and psychotherapy").

Counselling really took off after the Second World War, in 1950’s America. Most of the therapies we hear about today can trace their origins back to a handful of psychologists and psychiatrists who developed techniques and theories, sometimes referred

In America, one in five adults has a mental health condition, a staggering statistic. Appreciatively, recovery is the goal in the mental health centers of 2017. Nevertheless, in the 1950s, patients were provided with inhumane treatments such as lobotomies. Ken Kesey’s novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, provides an accurate portrayal of a psychiatric ward in the 1950s. The antagonist, Nurse Ratched, hopes her patients will not recover and manipulates them to gain authority. In contrast with the past, Nurses of the present day treat individuals with respect. Conduct towards mentally ill patients has changed since the 1950s in ways such as public attitude, medication, and

Through the course of time, mental illnesses have always been in existence due to varying factors and causes. However, as time has passed, the perceptions and available treatments for mental illnesses have also changed as new technology was developed. By looking at the treatments and perceptions of mental illnesses in the early 20th century, we can learn how to properly treat and diagnose not only mental disorders but also other conditions as well as show us the importance of review boards and controlled clinical trials.

State level licensure of psychologists is a relatively recent initiative by health boards. After World War II, the demand for psychological expertise expanded in large part due to an influx of veterans needing mental health services. The Veterans Administration (V.A.) subsequently became a large employer of psychologists and also established multiple internship training programs, originating “clinical psychologist” as a job title (Reaves, 2006). At the licensure level, the term “clinical psychologist” is often used to refer to health service psychologists more generally, and has been a source of confusion (Hall, 2011; Health Care Financing Administration, 2000). As V.A. employment of psychologists expanded, the number of private practitioners also began to increase, creating an impetus to propose state licensure laws to help establish minimal standards of education and training (DeMers et al., 2014). Because it is difficult to monitor the quality of care provided by licensed psychologists who are not subjects of a complaint (Keith-Spiegel & Koocher,

Beyond the strictly physical implications of genocide, the Holocaust spawned a plethora of lasting mental and psychological repercussions among its survivors. Fisherman explores these derivations of mental illness through descriptive analysis, citing the wide majority of post-Holocaust illnesses as those of “psychiatric disorders by trauma (718).” Further, Biermann employs an empirical study, noting a significantly high percentage of psychiatric illnesses found among survivors with one year of liberation (715). Although extensive research has been pursued to study the effects of mental and psychiatric illness among survivors after the Holocaust, little research has focused primarily on the prevalence of mental illness during the Holocaust.

○ Patients should be evaluated and treated by psychiatrists and/ psychologists who are trained at treating different mental conditions

The Freud museum was set up in Vienna, Austria where he grew up living and working on many of the theories we learn in psychology today. The house was along a street quite away from the tourist area, in a quiet neighborhood. The house was set up by walking into the waiting area of the house, then entering the house of the living room, but if you were to take an immediate right after entering you would enter into his office space of the waiting room. Through the museum they would take you around showing you many of the collections that were preserved during the time of the war. When World War II was approaching, Freud paid his way to the leaders to be able to leave with his family safely, and to have their house untouched. He was allowed to

It can take weeks, months, or years for active military personal or their loved ones to experience emotional or mental stress. That is where Military Psychology comes in; it is the application of methods and principles of psychology to the problems of military training, discipline, combat behavior. (Merriam Webster Dictionary)

Migrating to Canada, has given me the opportunity to understand that psychologicalist still treat serious mental disorders ,and as well provide services for other reasons. More so, there is feeling of lost or emptiness in a world with cultural emphasis on super*****and immediate satisfaction. The core of human existence is incomplete without a healthy, meaningful and spiritual life well being. I come to an understanding that anyone apart from mentally illness can benefit from psychological services to enhance and maintain physical and mental health, and that will promote honesty and intimacy in daily life. Linking the above with the definition of a psychologist from merchant (2011) pg. 22”as hat part of the discipline in which an individual, with approximate education and training, provides psychological services to the general public”