k 1:
A. Pregnancy
B. As a pregnant woman, healthy eating habits are a requirement. During pregnancy, a diet consisting of more protein, calcium, iron, and folic acid is very important. A pregnant woman should also consume more calories. This does not mean eating twice as much as before, it simply means adding more calories from nutritious sources such as vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and lean protein. Experts recommend 75 to 100 grams of protein per day. Protein helps with fetal growth and brain development. It also supports the growth of breast and uterine tissue, and increases blood supply during pregnancy. Protein can be found in lean meats such as fish, chicken, and legumes. An intake of calcium is recommended to be around 1000 milligrams
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Mrs. Smith is a 28 year old, African American. She stands 5 feet and 6 inches tall, weighing 180 pounds. She is a single mom who is in her twenty eighth week of pregnancy. She has mentioned to her doctor that she was experiencing polydipsia, polyuria, and headaches. At her most recent visit with her obstetrician, she was diagnosed with gestational diabetes. A glucose tolerance test was used to diagnosis Mrs. Smith. This test consist of measuring how well glucose is absorbed by the body. A fasting glucose measurement is taken. Mrs. Smith then drank a solution that contained 50 grams of sugar. One hour later, her blood sugar level was re-measured. Her results came back positive. A second three hour test was ordered that contained 100 grams of a sugar solution. Her blood glucose levels were checked at fasting, one hour, two hours, and again at three hours. By administering these tests, it was determined that she had gestational diabetes based upon her consistently high blood sugar level readings. She has already gained twenty pounds in her pregnancy and admits to splurging on desserts such as cake and ice-cream quite frequently. She does however maintain a healthy diet except she is only consuming about 50 grams of protein daily. She is a third grade teacher at an inner city school. Both her parents have type 2
Pregnant women need to eat more nutrients such as calcium, folate, and iron. When a pregnant women diets they have to get all the major food groups that all have an important purpose in making the woman and baby healthy. Like grains are a good source of energy, fruits and vegetables have antioxidants, fiber, and water containing plus fat containing vitamins, meats, nuts, and legumes provide your body with protein, folate, and iron, and dairy products are great source of calcium and vitamin D. They have to eat a wide variety of the food groups. You can also eat your favorite foods but you have to balance between your favorite foods and healthy foods. Protein is critical for ensuring the proper growth of fetal tissue, it also helps with breast
If I were a pregnant or lactating woman I would be eating less carbohydrates and more fiber, protein and vegetable as well as making a concentrated effort to drink milk. When my children were small I didn’t have a lot of money so I saved the milk for them and got out of the habit of drinking it. Now I have a small intolerance for lactose, I cannot tolerate large quantities of dairy without some suffering. I would be recommended to take in the first trimester would be 2544 calories/ day, second trimester 2744 calories/ day, third trimester 2934 calories/ day. At the current caloric intake that I have now I am not taking in nearly enough to support a pregnancy. I would need to adjust my eating habits. As a lactating woman my caloric intake would be 2544 calories/ day. Still I would need to keep my modification in place in order to keep a baby nourished appropriately without depleting myself (Calorie calculator-).
Mrs. J. was diagnosed with type2 diabetes one year ago, and has been on treatment since then. She manages her own medication, and has a case manager who regularly checks up on her to ensure that her medications are up to date, as well as her physical exercise regime. However, the admission into the emergency room a week ago is an indication that she has not been taking enough water and observing her diet, which has resulted into the observed symptoms. Her diagnosis is: Hypernatremia related to excessive loss of water and elevated sodium consumption as
Mrs. Jameson was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes one year ago, and has been on treatment since then. She manages her own medication, and has a case manager who regularly checks up on her to ensure that her medications are up to date, as well as her physical exercise regime. However, the admission into the emergency room a week ago is an indication that she has not taken enough water and observing her diet, which has resulted in the observed symptoms. Her diagnosis is: Hypernatremia related to excessive loss of water and elevated sodium
History of present illness: 50 year old African American female presents to the clinic today to follow up on her Diabetes. Patient diagnosed with Diabetes in 2000. Last Diabetes checkup three months ago. Patient reports that she takes all of her medications as prescribed. Patient is currently on metformin and Lipitor. Patient denies any episodes of hypoglycemia. Patient denies experiencing symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. Patient reports that she has been checking her
[1] Firstly, the nutrients needed by pregnant women are Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Vitamin B – (B1, B2, B3 & B6), Folic Acid (B9), Calcium, Iron, Protein, zinc. (2011)
Let’s rewind to August (2010), the first day of fourth grade was rapidly approaching. I became sick with a strong virus, a virus that may possibly have been the start to a never ending obstacle. Weeks after the virus was gone, I began to experience strange and unusual symptoms. These symptoms included increased thirst, extreme hunger, unintended weight loss, and weakness. These symptoms didn’t go unnoticed. When my mom noticed these changes, she immediately wanted my blood sugar tested. When it was tested, the number that appeared was 518. A healthy, non-diabetic person should have
Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar properly, or becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, also causing blood sugar to rise. High blood sugar is characteristic of diabetes. People who have diabetes have to take insulin shots or supplements in order to give their body enough insulin to regulate blood sugar. There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. In Type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar. In Type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin, and so it allows blood sugar to rise to high levels (Winter 2002). Gestational diabetes is a temporary diabetes that develops in previously non-diabetic pregnant women and causes their blood sugar to rise during their pregnancy.
Case study: Carol is 17 years old and was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at the age of 7 years. Carol has had a recent hospital admission for dehydration and high blood glucose. During the admission Carol was found to be 6 weeks pregnant. Prior to the admission she had been experiencing weight loss and changes in mood.
Did you know that diet plays a major role in baby's growth and development? The principles of healthy eating are the same during preconception period as well as pregnancy; the amount depends on your height, weight, physical activity and due date. The focus should be plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein and healthy fats. The important nutrients needed for a healthy maternal and fetal outcome are folic acid, iron, calcium, Vitamin D and protein.
Upon arrival to the emergency department Kristin complains of acute abdominal pain lasting three days with an 8/10 on the standard pain scale which indicates that some organ or organs in Kristin’s abdomen are not properly functioning. Her very high ranking of pain indicates to the nurse that she is in excruciating amount of pain and is very uncomfortable because something is wrong in her abdomen. Secondly, Kristin’s weight gain despite of lack of appetite indicates there is an issue. Typically, with decreased in appetites, patients will lose weight because they are not eating enough calories. Following this statement her glucose fasting levels were tested and came back at 105 mg/dL which is in the normal range for females according to Mayo Clinic. Following her initial assessment, the physicians want to run more tests to diagnose her symptoms. Kristin’s
It has been long said a pregnant woman should “eat for two”. However, through research, it is feasible to debunk this nutrition myth. Throughout reading the article, “Food Saftery for Pregnant Women” by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration which consisted of 20 pages of The amount of calories a woman actually increases per day is not really a significant amount. However, there really is no origin to this myth, the side effects of the thought “eating for two” can be potentially harmful.
X.C., a 30 year old married Asian female who works in her family’s business. She is a non-smoker, she does not drink alcohol or use drugs. She lives with her husband and 4 year old son. She denies any history of abuse, and reports feeling safe at home. She also uses her seatbelt regularly. X.C. presents to the office today for a scheduled non-stress test for gestational diabetes. Her blood sugars have been well controlled with this pregnancy, by diet. She is a G2P1, with one previous vaginal delivery. EDC is 4/8/16. X.C. is currently having lower abdominal pain and pressure in her vaginal area that started 3 days ago. She is also c/o of constant, dull pain in her right upper quadrant (under her ribs). X.C. has tried drinking water, resting, and Tylenol for pain. These measures
M.G is a forty-eight year old African American female who is 5’4” and weights 250 pounds. Her family history shows type 2 diabetes in one of her older sisters, and her mother having past “heart problems.” Therefore, with M.G’s history, her age, weight and dietary habits it is clear she has a very high risk of having/developing type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes isn't always hereditary and is most likely developed over time in adults who are overweight. More specifically, type 2 diabetes is when your body cannot use insulin properly, over time your body cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose levels normal. M.G consulted her doctor on different occasions about her lack of energy, increased thirst/urination, and a possible Urinary Tract
Gestational diabetes, affecting approximately 3-10% of pregnancies, is diagnosed by hyperglycemia during pregnancy in women without a history of diabetes. The underlying cause of gestational diabetes remains unknown, although the interference of pregnancy hormones, such as human placental lactogen, with susceptible insulin receptors, has been considered. The patients usually have few symptoms, and they are often diagnosed by screening during routine pregnancy check-up. For the mother, glucose intolerance typically disappears after the baby is born. However, gestational diabetes often places the body at risk. Babies born to mothers with poor hyperglycemia control are often at increased risk of series problems including macrosomia, which associates with a high chance of C-section, shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia after birth, polycythemia as well as multiple chemical disorders.