The Contribution Of Abraham Maslow And Dorothea L Dix

Abraham Maslow focused on human experience, problems, potentials, and ideals. Throughout his study of Humanism, he created what is known as the “Hierarchy of Human Needs.” This hierarchy places the needs of humans in an ordered fashion based on their level of importance. At the bottom of the pyramid is a person’s physiological needs, then their safety needs, sense of love and belonging, self-esteem, and then at the final tier of the hierarchy is self-actualization. Maslow claimed

Humanistic conceptions of personality focus on our own natural progression towards achieving one’s full potential, having a holistic approach. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) believes that growth and behaviour is motivated by a number of needs ranging from basic to psychological needs. He uses a hierarchy, commonly depicted as a five-tier pyramid in which the bottom 4 levels represent our deficit needs, shown in figure 1 below. Once the individual’s physiological needs are met, they may move to the next and so on. After all deficit needs have been met, an individual is capable of achieving self-actualisation. According to Maslow, fulfilling this need means reaching one’s highest potential and truly understanding one’s self.

Humanistic theories emerged in 1950s. We have two types of humanistic theories, the first one is Person-centred theory by Carl Rogers which is based on how people see them-selves in relation to their personal experience and the second theory is Self-actualisation by Abraham Maslow which is based on the needs that motivate people. In this paper both theories will be described in detail and also they will be evaluated.

Maslow became the leader of the humanistic school of psychology that emerged in the 1950's and 1960's, which he referred to as the “third force”, beyond Freudian theory and behaviorism. Also during this period of his life, he came into contact with the many European intellectuals that were immigrating to the United States, Brooklyn in particular, people like Adler, Fromm, Horney, as well as several Gestalt and Freudian psychologists. In 1951, Maslow served as the chair of the psychology department at Brandeis for 10 years, where he met Kurt Goldstein, who introduced him to the idea of self-actualization, and helped him begin his own theoretical work. It was also here that he began his crusade for a humanistic psychology, something ultimately much more important to him than his own theorizing. In, 1969 he became a resident fellow of the Laughlin Institute in California. A year later after several years of ill health he died of a heart attack on June 8th. One of the many interesting things that Maslow noticed, while early in his career working with monkeys, was that some needs take precedence over others. For example, if you are hungry and thirsty, you will tend to try and take care of the thirst first. After all, you can live without food for several weeks, but you can only live a few days without water. Maslow took

Both Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are two of the founders of humanistic psychology who felt that people need certain conditions to be in place so as to reach their full potential and have contented life (“Maslow vs. Rogers,” 2014). “While Maslow fully acknowledges the self-actualization of individuals to their very self, Rogers takes this a step further by emphasizing on the necessity of the surrounding, which assists a person to be self-actualized” (“Maslow vs. Rogers,” 2014, par.1). Maslow is well known for his Hierarchy of Needs where an individual must meet the needs at the lower levels in order to move up to the next level even though there is little research evidence to support this theory (“Abraham Maslow,” 2015). He believed that

Carl Rodgers and Abraham Maslow both has an optimistic view of human nature. To support the viewpoint, I will be using Maslow’s characteristics of hierarchy needs. The rebuttal of this optimistic view of human nature, can be in the failure of not becoming self-actualizing.

Maslow is classified as a humanistic psychologist who studied that people’s needs are in stages. Due to his

Abraham Maslow is an American psychologist that is known as “one of the most influential humanistic psychologist” and founder that put forward the discussion of the humanistic approach. His approach demonstrates the hierarchy of needs in order to achieve the top level of fulfilling ones personality. There are 8 stages of needs as shown in the figure provided by Education Psychology Interactive: Maslow’s Hierarchy

Maslow was born on April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the oldest of seven children born to his

Abraham H. Maslow, is one of the founders of humanistic movement in psychology in late 1950 's. Maslow held a great deal of importance for personal freedom and individuality which would help define psychological health. Maslow felt that psychology before his time was primarily focused on people’s ailments and faults in their personalities. In an interview, Being Abraham Maslow with Warren Bennis, he stated that their was a “huge, big gaping hole in psychology.” When researching psychology was looking for important and precious things like, “Goodness, Nobility, Reason, Science, Loyalty, & Courage.”

Abraham Maslow was born on April 1 in 1908 in Brooklyn New York. He comes from a Jewish background with his parents coming from Russia as immigrants to the United States of America. Maslow’s childhood was not a good or easy one as one would think of such a successful person. His father and mother more times than not often ill treated him, which led to his poor self esteem. Maslow often isolated himself as a child to avoid confrontations, and judgements. His father would often push him into areas of studies and activities that were of no interest to him, and them put him down as a person when he did not want to continue with them. His mother never nurtured him as a child, and left him neglected often. At times he had no food to eat, because his mother would lock the fridge with padlocks. Due to his unhappy childhood days,

A human’s values and/or beliefs are the importance of the humanistic perspective in psychology (Schultz & Schultz, 2009). The idea of the humanistic approach is for people to reach one’s potential. All humans can reach their highest level of potential, and not one is purposely bad or unworthy (Carver & Scheier, 2012). Maslow and Rogers explain the steps and the work a person has to achieve in order for a person to reach their full potential.

Abraham Maslow was the oldest son of his parents, who were Jewish immigrants from Russia escaping political and social issues. He was born in Brooklyn, New York on April 1st 1908. Due to the hardships of his parents, and him being the oldest child, Abraham had more pressure put on him that any of his other siblings. He was expected to take care of his six younger siblings, and wanted make his parents proud by becoming very successful. Maslow had a very unhappy childhood and faced quite a few difficulties growing up. His parents were cold and indifferent toward him, but he somehow grew up to be very kindhearted. During his childhood he had very few friends because all of his time was spent either studying, or working to help his family make ends meet. Therefore, he relied on books to provide an escape. Through his exploration of books, he became greatly interested in research done by greats such as Pavlov, Jung, and Freud.

Self- Actualization rests at the pinnacle of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Before reaching that pinnacle, the human being rises through the various strata of motivation beginning with the basic needs to survive. But does everyone reach that pinnacle? We will find that only a few who have paddled through the various strata will ultimately succeed in negotiating the entire hierarchy of needs. Some people, such

The eldest of seven siblings, Abraham Maslow was born April 1, 1908 into a working class Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York. Maslow, like many of his peers with a similar immigrant background, spent most of his adolescence at the receiving end of a continuous onslaught of anti-semitism and ethnic prejudice. Maslow quoted that the intense oppression he endured during his formative years was the driving factor behind his quest for the acquisition of knowledge and a