Supply Chain
• Warehousing - how many warehouses do we need, where should we put them
• Materials handling – how should we move the products within our facilities
• Inventory control – how much invetory should we keep on hand, how should we store and distrubute it
• Order processing – how should we manage incpoming and outgoing orders
Store Retailers
Non-store retailers
• Online – buying stuff on the internet
• Direct response – things like catalougs, telemarketing, and advertising like infomercials
• Direct selling – things like door to door, in the workplace, or telemarketing again
• Vending- vending machines, or other machine that provides a good in exchange for money
•
Supply Chain management –
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uate similar to a stock, selling at a high is called premium, selling low is a discount
• The Coupon rate is the interest paid on a bond, expressed as a percentage of the face value
• Convertibles bonds can be transferred into common stock
• Serial Bonds are bonds that follow the same rules, but they mature at different dates to spread out repayment
• A sinking fund is a pool of money that is added to periodically and used for repayment of bonds or stocks
Mutual Funds
• Allows individual investors to join together to invest a pool of money
• The fund still invests into bonds and stocks, works the same as a purchasing by yourself minus the middle men
ETF
• a broad selection of stocks, with an average price
• Buys and sells like a stock, also behaves like a stock in terms of price
• Lower cost and fee’s
• High liquidity
Marketing Strategy
Marketing Mix
Primary Market
• Public Offering – Where securities are sold to anyone in the investing public
• Private Placement – Securities are sold directly to large investors, details are negotiated with the issuing firm and public investors
• Initial Public Offering – The first time a corporation decides to sell its stock
Primary Securities – Where securities are bought right from the corporations
Secondary Securities – Where securities are traded, this includes over things like the TSX (Toronto stock exchange)
Limit Order - a direction given to a broker to buy or sell a security or commodity at a specified price or better
into a product ready to be sold and bought out to the market. In order
Often funds are 10 year closed-end funds in which it is expected that all investments will be exited and the fund wound up in
Mutual Funds are a pool of funds collected from many investors in order to purchase stocks, bonds, and other investments in greater amounts. Mutual funds are shares of ownership in a group of companies.
Item 5.| |MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES| | |20| |
A bond is a claim on some fixed future cash flows. A commonwealth government bond (CGB) is a bond which pays semi-annual coupons, in which the maturity date/ coupon payment date is on the 15th of every month. A zero coupon bond is a bond with no coupons. The important information of a bond: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. • 1. 2. Transaction date: T Settlement date:T+2 Coupon payment dates Maturity date YTM Coupon rate Cum-interest or Ex-interest? If ex-interest If> 7 days to the next coupon payment-----> cum-interest
10. Buying and selling in more than one market to make a riskless profit is called
think of a mutual fund as a company that brings together a group of people and invests
| |A bond debenture is a legal document that details all of the conditions relating to a bond issue. |
-limit order which is a request to buy or sell a stock at a specified price.
* When demand > supply, ‘best way to sell’ instead of ‘fast way to sell’
In fact, bond investments are carried out in several ways, depending on the type of bond:
Mutual funds are an easy, convenient way to invest, without having to worry about choosing individual stocks. A mutual fund can be defined as a single portfolio of stocks, bonds, and/or cash managed by an investment company on behalf of many investors. The investment company manages the fund, and sells shares in the fund to individual investors. When one invests in a mutual fund, they become a part-owner of a large investment portfolio, along with all the other shareholders of the fund. The fund manager invests the contributions when shares are purchased, along with money from the other shareholders. Every day, the fund manager counts up the value of all the fund's holdings, figures out how many shares have been purchased by
Gittman (2004, pp. 312) divided stock into two types, such as common stock and preferred stock. He also showed that dividends are the outcome of investment. So, common stocks are an ownership claim against primarily real or productive asset (Higgins, 1995), but he also said that if the company prospers, stockholders are the chief beneficiaries, if it falters, they are the chief losers. Smith (1988) presented that stocks are one of the most popular forms of investment. People buy stocks for various reasons: some are interested in the long-term growth of their investment by buying low priced stock of a new company in the hope of substantially growth of share price over the next few years. Another reason he suggested that in a well established firm stockholders expect the stock growth will be stable over the long run. (Smith,1988).
An initial public offering is the decision by a company to sell its stock to the public for the first time. In some cases, this process is described as a transaction with which an investment banking company generates investment capital though making the company to go public. One of the most critical aspects within an initial public offering is significant public interest because investment bankers generate huge fees depending on the amount of capital raised. Consequently, the interest of investment bankers is usually attracted by large or well-recognized companies. Initial public offerings are sometimes characterized with huge gains on the first day but they tend to flop when the financial market is cold.
A call provision in a bond issue, the issuer of the bond principal plus any call premium costs and allows for early repayment. Interest rates have declined greatly in the economy, most of the time because it is a bond issuer, it is. The issuer issues new securities to current securities and lower interest calls. For this you have to pay each year for the issuer to reduce interest payments